Journal of Advances in Developmental Research

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Volume 16 Issue 2
2025

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Restorative Justice vs. Punitive Justice: Which Model Works Best in Reducing Recidivism?

Author(s) Darshika Rughani, Rayan Singh Virdi, Umendra Singh Gurjar
Country India
Abstract This paper examines the comparative effectiveness of restorative and punitive justice models in addressing crime and reducing recidivism, particularly in the Indian context. Restorative justice emphasizes healing, accountability, and community involvement, using practices like victim-offender mediation and community service to repair harm and reintegrate offenders. In contrast, punitive justice focuses on punishment and deterrence through incarceration and legal penalties. Data and studies suggest that restorative approaches, especially for juvenile and minor offenses, lead to lower recidivism rates, higher victim satisfaction, and reduced pressure on courts and prisons. However, restorative justice is not suitable for all crimes and requires voluntary participation and institutional support. Punitive justice, while essential for serious crimes, often fails to address root causes or rehabilitate offenders. The paper concludes by advocating for a hybrid justice model in India, blending restorative methods within the existing punitive framework to create a more humane, cost-effective, and impactful justice system.
Keywords Restorative Justice, Punitive Justice, Recidivism, Rehabilitation, Justice Reform, Prison Overcrowding, Criminal Justice System in India
Published In Volume 16, Issue 2, July-December 2025
Published On 2025-07-18
Cite This Restorative Justice vs. Punitive Justice: Which Model Works Best in Reducing Recidivism? - Darshika Rughani, Rayan Singh Virdi, Umendra Singh Gurjar - IJAIDR Volume 16, Issue 2, July-December 2025. DOI 10.71097/IJAIDR.v16.i2.1472
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJAIDR.v16.i2.1472
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9vdfw
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