Journal of Advances in Developmental Research

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Volume 17 Issue 1
2026

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Digital Governance and Democratic Legitimacy: Institutional Transformation and Public Policy Outcomes in India

Author(s) Dr Babu G
Country India
Abstract Digital governance has become a central component of public policy reform in India, transforming service delivery systems and reshaping statecitizen interactions. Despite the rapid expansion of digital governance initiatives, a key political challenge persists: technological integration has improved administrative efficiency but has not uniformly strengthened inclusive and participatory governance outcomes. This study examines digital governance in India through the theoretical lens of Digital-Era Governance, which conceptualizes digital platforms as instruments of institutional integration and governance transformation. The study adopts a qualitative, theory-guided analytical approach using descriptive empirical indicators, including user adoption patterns, citizen satisfaction levels, and the temporal expansion of major digital governance initiatives. The analysis demonstrates that integrated digital platforms have significantly enhanced administrative coordination, service accessibility, and institutional legitimacy. However, the findings also reveal persistent governance challenges related to digital exclusion, regional disparities, and institutional capacity constraints. The study contributes to political science scholarship by extending Digital-Era Gover nance theory through empirical interpretation of governance transformation in a large democratic context. It argues that digital governance represents a hybrid governance model in which efficiency-driven modernization coexists with uneven democratic inclusivity. The findings highlight the need for digital public policy frameworks that prioritize accessibility, 1 participatory governance mechanisms, and robust data governance regulations to ensure equitable governance outcomes.
Keywords Digital Governance; Public Policy; Digital-Era Governance; State Capacity; Citizen Satisfaction; India
Field Sociology > Politics
Published In Volume 17, Issue 1, January-June 2026
Published On 2026-06-03
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