Industry 4.0 and Employee Well-Being in the Indian IT Sector: The Mediating Role of Sustainable Human Resource Practices

Mitika Chauhan

Industry 4.0 and Employee Well-Being in the Indian IT Sector: The Mediating Role of Sustainable Human Resource Practices

Author(s)	Dr. Mitika Chauhan
Country	India
Abstract	The rise of Industry 4.0 has significantly altered how organizations operate by incorporating technologies like artificial intelligence, automation, cloud computing, big data analytics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cyber-physical systems. Although these innovations have greatly improved organizational effectiveness and competitiveness, they have also introduced new challenges for workers, such as heightened job demands, a need for continuous adaptation to technology, increased work intensity, and worries about psychological health. In knowledge-driven sectors like the Indian Information Technology (IT) industry, companies are increasingly acknowledging that technological advancements should be paired with sustainable human resource strategies to promote long-term employee health and organizational stability. While there is increasing academic interest in Industry 4.0 and sustainable human resource management, there is a lack of empirical evidence that clarifies how digital transformation affects employee well-being. Most existing research has focused mainly on the direct connections between technological progress and organizational outcomes, neglecting the intermediary role of sustainable HR practices. To fill this gap, the current study examines the impact of Industry 4.0 implementation on employee well-being through the lens of sustainable HR practices within the Indian IT industry. The study is expected to demonstrate that Industry 4.0 has a positive impact on sustainable HR practices, which subsequently improve employee well-being and partially mitigate the relationship between digital transformation and employee outcomes. This finding is expected to expand the application of JD-R theory to digitally transformed workplaces and contribute to the growing literature on Industry 4.0, sustainable human resource management, and employee well-being. From a business perspective, this study provides practical guidance for developing human-centered digital transformation strategies that simultaneously improve organizational productivity and employees' quality of work life.
Keywords	Industry 4.0, Sustainable Human Resource Management, Employee Well-Being, Indian IT Sector, Digital Transformation, JD-R Theory, PLS-SEM.
Field	Business Administration
Published In	Volume 17, Issue 2, July-December 2026
Published On	2026-07-04

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Industry 4.0 and Employee Well-Being in the Indian IT Sector: The Mediating Role of Sustainable Human Resource Practices

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