Journal of Advances in Developmental Research

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Role of Pelvic-Floor Muscle Training in the Management of Postpartum Urinary Incontinence: A Narrative Review

Author(s) Dr. Siva Bali Reddy Katasani, Dr. S Purna Chandra Shekhar, Dr. Sama Raju, Dr. Amaresh Mohan
Country India
Abstract Postpartum urinary incontinence is a common pelvic-floor disorder that may interfere with physical activity, social participation, sexual health and quality of life after childbirth. Pelvic-floor muscle training (PFMT) is a conservative intervention intended to improve urethral support, increase pelvic-floor muscle strength and coordination, and reduce leakage during rises in intra-abdominal pressure. This narrative review synthesizes evidence published from 2010 through 2020 concerning the role of PFMT in postpartum urinary incontinence. Literature was identified through focused searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, PEDro and the Cochrane Library using combinations of terms related to postpartum status, urinary incontinence, pelvic-floor muscles, exercise and physiotherapy. Priority was given to systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, clinical guidance and clinically relevant cohort studies. Evidence supports PFMT as a low-risk first-line conservative strategy for women with urinary incontinence in general; however, postpartum-specific findings are heterogeneous. Trials differed in participant selection, timing, supervision, exercise dose, adherence and outcome measurement. Some supervised programmes improved continence, symptom-related bother and pelvic-floor muscle function, whereas other well-conducted trials found no significant reduction in postpartum incontinence prevalence. The strongest benefits appear more likely when women receive an individual assessment, confirmation of a correct contraction, progressive training, adherence support and adequate follow-up. PFMT should therefore be delivered as an individualized rehabilitation programme rather than as brief, unsupervised verbal advice. Further research should clarify optimal dose, timing, responder characteristics and long-term effectiveness.
Keywords postpartum; urinary incontinence; pelvic-floor muscle training; physiotherapy; women’s health; rehabilitation
Published In Volume 12, Issue 1, January-June 2021
Published On 2021-03-05
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJAIDR.v12.i1.2121
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Crossref DOI prefix of IJAIDR is 10.71097/IJAIDR

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