Journal of Advances in Developmental Research

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Wearable Sensor Guided Physiotherapy after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Clinical Applications, Opportunities and Implementation Barriers - A Narrative Review

Author(s) Dr. Sama Raju, Dr. Siva Bali Reddy Katasani, Dr. S Purna Chandra Shekhar, Dr. Amaresh Mohan
Country India
Abstract Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) reduces pain for many people with end-stage knee osteoarthritis, yet postoperative recovery varies and access to supervised physiotherapy is uneven. Wearable sensors offer objective monitoring of activity, joint motion and exercise performance outside the clinic. Objective: To synthesize evidence published from 2012 through 2021 on wearable sensor–guided and digitally supported physiotherapy after TKA, with emphasis on clinical applications, interpretation, safety and implementation. Methods: A structured narrative review considered peer-reviewed English-language studies and reviews published between January 2012 and December 2021. Priority was given to accelerometers, inertial measurement units, smartwatches, sensor-based biofeedback and remote rehabilitation systems used after knee arthroplasty. Results: Wearables can quantify steps, sedentary time, range of motion, exercise repetitions and selected gait features; paired platforms can deliver prompts, feedback and clinician dashboards. Trials through 2021 suggest that sensor-supported home rehabilitation can be feasible and may achieve outcomes comparable to conventional pathways in selected patients. However, heterogeneous devices, algorithms and outcome definitions limit comparison. Sensor accuracy in controlled tasks does not guarantee clinical validity at home, and high data volume does not replace examination or therapeutic reasoning. Digital literacy, connectivity, privacy, adherence and workflow integration remain major barriers. Conclusion: Wearable technology is best viewed as an adjunct that extends physiotherapy observation between visits. Safe implementation requires validated measures, individualized thresholds, human oversight and alternatives for patients unable or unwilling to use technology.
Keywords total knee arthroplasty; wearable sensors; physiotherapy; telerehabilitation; inertial measurement units; remote monitoring; digital health
Published In Volume 13, Issue 1, January-June 2022
Published On 2022-02-04
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJAIDR.v13.i1.2123
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Crossref DOI prefix of IJAIDR is 10.71097/IJAIDR

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