Journal of Advances in Developmental Research

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Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Quadriceps Recovery after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Timing, Dosage and Functional Outcomes - A Narrative Review

Author(s) Dr. Siva Bali Reddy Katasani, Dr. S Purna Chandra Shekhar, Dr. Amaresh Mohan, Dr. Sama Raju
Country India
Abstract Background: Quadriceps weakness after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) reflects pain, swelling, atrophy and marked failure of voluntary muscle activation. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can evoke contractions when voluntary recruitment is limited and may enhance early rehabilitation. Objective: To synthesize evidence published from 2012 through 2022 and translate it into a physiotherapy framework for timing, dosage, safety and progression. Methods: A structured narrative review considered English-language trials, systematic reviews and clinically relevant methodological studies published between January 2012 and December 2022. Results: Early, high-intensity NMES used as an adjunct to progressive exercise can attenuate quadriceps strength loss and improve selected functional outcomes. Treatment response depends on contraction intensity, electrode placement, pulse characteristics, session dose, adherence and integration with voluntary training. Low-intensity or brief application is less likely to provide an adequate strengthening stimulus. Skin irritation, discomfort, impaired sensation, implanted electronic devices and thrombotic or wound concerns require screening. Conclusion: NMES is most defensible for patients with substantial early activation failure and should not replace progressive resistance, mobility practice or comprehensive TKA rehabilitation.
Keywords blood flow restriction; physiotherapy; resistance training; rehabilitation; muscle strength; hypertrophy; safety
Published In Volume 14, Issue 2, July-December 2023
Published On 2023-11-02
DOI https://doi.org/10.71097/IJAIDR.v14.i2.2126
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Crossref DOI prefix of IJAIDR is 10.71097/IJAIDR

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